Maritime threat response

This report was prepared by Systems Engineering and Analysis Cohort Nine (SEA-9) Maritime Threat Response, (MTR) team members.Background: The 2006 Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Cross-Campus Integrated Study, titled “Maritime Threat Response” involved the combined effort of 7 NPS Systems Engineering students, 7 Singaporean Temasek Defense Systems Institute (TDSI) students, 12 students from the Total Ship Systems Engineering (TSSE) curriculum, and numerous NPS faculty members from different NPS departments. After receiving tasking provided by the Wayne E. Meyer Institute of Systems Engineering at NPS in support of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Homeland Defense, the study examined ways to validate intelligence and respond to maritime terrorist attacks against United States coastal harbors and ports. Through assessment of likely harbors and waterways to base the study upon, the San Francisco Bay was selected as a representative test-bed for the integrated study. The NPS Systems Engineering and Analysis Cohort 9 (SEA-9) Maritime Threat Response (MTR) team, in conjunction with the TDSI students, used the Systems Engineering Lifecycle Process (SELP) [shown in Figure ES-1, p. xxiii ] as a systems engineering framework to conduct the multi-disciplinary study. While not actually fabricating any hardware, such a process was well-suited for tailoring to the team’s research efforts and project focus. The SELP was an iterative process used to bound and scope the MTR problem, determine needs, requirements, functions, and to design architecture alternatives to satisfy stakeholder needs and desires. The SoS approach taken [shown in Figure ES-2, p. xxiv ]enabled the team to apply a systematic approach to problem definition, needs analysis, requirements, analysis, functional analysis, and then architecture development and assessment.In the twenty-first century, the threat of asymmetric warfare in the form of terrorism is one of the most likely direct threats to the United States homeland. It has been recognized that perhaps the key element in protecting the continental United States from terrorist threats is obtaining intelligence of impending attacks in advance. Enormous amounts of resources are currently allocated to obtaining and parsing such intelligence. However, it remains a difficult problem to deal with such attacks once intelligence is obtained. In this context, the Maritime Threat Response Project has applied Systems Engineering processes to propose different cost-effective System of Systems (SoS) architecture solutions to surface-based terrorist threats emanating from the maritime domain. The project applied a five-year time horizon to provide near-term solutions to the prospective decision makers and take maximum advantage of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) solutions and emphasize new Concepts of Operations (CONOPS) for existing systems. Results provided insight into requirements for interagency interactions in support of Maritime Security and demonstrated the criticality of timely and accurate intelligence in support of counterterror operations.This report was prepared for the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Homeland DefenseApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Prospectus, February 1, 1984

TOOTH FAIRY PROMOTES DENTAL HEALTH; News Digest; Vote today or tomorrow for StuGo senators; PC Happenings: Parenting programs on TV, Jackson prints donated to Parkland; Letter to the editor; Get involved!!; Experience the uniqueness of people; Letter to the Editor; Student Government candidate platforms; Counseling center; A new look at the library; Story Shop stimulates young writers; Mechanics services at Parkland College; Life Science: largest division at Parkland; Dental hygiene service; Shop around for new phones; Dental clinic accepting new patients; Question: What is a friend? ; Classifieds; Kinks perform in State of Confusion ; Coppola\u27s \u27One from the Heart\u27 worth seeing; Machines star in series; Rodgers is still going strong; The Kinks still have what it takes to sound good; Parkland art collection valid part of education; Formigoni reaches out with color and space; Hubler talks about Champaign; Placement office finds jobs; What Is Art?; Cobras ease to victory; Men edge the Blue Knights; Track--two national qualifiershttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1984/1033/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, March 7, 1984

CONGRESS RETURNS TO A \u27MOST IMPORTANT\u27 STUDENT AID DEBATE; News Digest; Four paintings stolen from Parkland; \u27Job Training and Partnership Act\u27: JTPA \u27good opportunity for dedicated\u27; PC Happenings: TV programs for busy parents, Parkland announces registration, Polish folk arts at Parkland; Sargent talks to Lifelong Learners\u27 Club; Yaxley scholarship; Stu-Go News; \u27Planned Parenthood\u27--pro choice organization; In the Library--Paperbacks; Nolen enjoys differences; What is Sadie Hawkins Day?; Did You Know...; Scholarship news for real estate students; Tuexdo styles are changing; What did you thinnk of the Grammy Awards?; Classifieds; \u27Good looking coed\u27 hunt draws lots of photos; Urbana construction will increase; Learning to relax can kill stress; \u27Women\u27s History Week\u27 honored; Parkland Christian Fellowship to sponsor conference; Weather conditions force closing; Math contest at Parkland; Financia; aid for summer and fall; The latest in swimwear; \u27Western look\u27 changing; Creative Corner...Especially for you!!: Believe..., Creed, Dream, The End, Darkness...; All Up to Me, Listening to an old..., Father to Son, How to know just what is real..., For Larry, Hi, I\u27m crazy ...; Bite the Bullet, Answer, Why can\u27t we see?, Love sparked nu the heat of summer...,Keg, A low rumble starts..., Oh, Mothers..., Has the human race forgot to look at a sunset..., I tried to play your game..., You\u27ve let me down...; Jackson leads the way at this year\u27s Grammy awards; Dexter--valuable asset; $50,000 and silence \u27cheap way for MSU to avoid lawsuit\u27; In the Library--; Channel 12 fund drive stresses \u27TV worth paying for\u27; Woody Allen\u27s latest hilarious; \u27Foghat\u27 hits C/U March 18; Predictions for the upcoming Academy Awards; \u27Big Country\u27 to appear; \u27Full Metal Jacket\u27 talent search; \u27The Right Stuff\u27 finally opens in area; Energetic movie should do well; Baseball Schedule; Bank president--NFL referee; High School Notes; Softball Schedule; Cobra baseball to start; Women win tournament; Lake Land advances in sectional; Mens basketball scores; I.M. News; Cobra men advance to sectional; Cobras end up with last year\u27s record; Tae Kwon Do showed display; Cooper remembers 6 good years; First basketball coach tells how it was; NJCAA meethttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1984/1029/thumbnail.jp

Resilient and fractionated cyber physical system

Reliance on aging monolithic overhead physical systems with assurance of resilience is an ongoing critical discussion. The White House has issued a strategy to evolve this system of systems technology to meet growing information and knowledge needs. Fractionated Space Cyber Physical Systems is part of a novel concept emerging from a field of hyperconnected networks designed to withstand risk and address aforementioned needs. The transition from a monolithic design into alternative resilient designs will better reflect the utility of a system to the commander. Resilience is a characteristic meant to assure performance even within a higher probability of risk. Resilience encourages availability regardless of the perceived threat in the increasingly dynamic environment. Traditional systems incorporate the sub-systems required to deliver the common operational picture. Reduction of those integrated sub-systems is unacceptable; therefore, introducing a decentralized architecture is going to carry with it the requirement of a seamless interaction despite being separated. Decentralization is a design process that allows a constellation capability to seek more nodes than what would be normally available when residing in the same payload. This is a measure of design success that enhances the evaluation of a system’s capability and its ability to survive risk, its resilience.http://archive.org/details/resilientndfract1094543894Lieutenant Commander, United States NavyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Modeling cyber conflict to inform critical infrastructure defense

Imagine a naval strike group patrolling in the middle of a territorially challenged and electromagnetically controlled area of the world. The threats to that group are varied and wide ranging which require the group to employ all available defensive and offensive tools. While the physical kinetic threat to the group can be detected as an external event, it is not always easily detected when that threat presents itself inside the control network of the strike group. In this scenario, it is possible that the lurking threat is exercising data collection among the ships, or simply lying in wait to take over the navigation system without the users knowing. No known architecture or decision framework exists to inform a critical infrastructure or cyber-physical system (CPS) when it is best to defend against a possible attack

Advancing the Use of an Analytical Hierarchy Process and Improved Random Indexes for Making Prioritized Decisions in Systems

The article of record as published may be found at https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2019.2958785In the early stages of the systems engineering process, an important focus is to create an understanding of the stakeholder needs. This is primarily done to prepare the system specification that forms the basis for the system’s design. By extension, example steps in this process include surveying stakeholders to better capture their intent, deriving and documenting requirements, and then using those requirements for subsequent activities, such as developing a functional baseline and candidate design alternatives. During this process, it is important to consider the full system lifecycle. As such, one major objective of a systems engineer is to translate the stakeholder’s needs into functional and nonfunctional requirements (NFRs). Despite this important role, early system designs are often faulty because important NFRs are poorly prioritized or not prioritized at all. While the prioritization of all requirements can be useful, this work focuses specifically on NFRs. It has been identified that the inability to identify the most useful NFRs can lead to system failure. Furthermore, the lack of NFR prioritization is considered one of the most expensive and difficult errors to correct, as well as one of the ten most significant risks in engineering. Systems need more emphasis on the relationships between the system’s elements, rather than on the individual elements or the whole system. Relationships among elements in a system can illustrate more than just the behavior of each element. The illustration can include the purpose for the system and the implications of changing how the NFRs associated with those elements are prioritized. This emphasis requires quantifiable tools and rigor to inform the decision makers. This research’s objective is to contribute to quantifiable decision-making methods and prioritization of NFRs in three ways: the development of a process to determine unique random index; the use of a continuous ranking scale; and the development of a universal decision-making heuristic to accompany prioritization of NFRs